Endoscopy
Endoscopy is used to diagnose and evaluate numerous nose, throat, and respiratory problems. The flexible endoscope has a camera chip at the end of a long, narrow tube, which allows for the visualization of certain conditions without invasive exploratory surgery. It is also useful for taking samples of the fluid in the trachea, lungs, or guttural pouches for diagnostic purposes.

Digital Ultrasound
Ultrasound is a practical imaging modality to evaluate soft tissue injuries of the equine limb and other soft tissue structures in the body. It allows for visualization of tendons and ligaments, and to identify, confirm, and monitor soft tissue injury. Evaluation of tissue size, shape, echogenicity (whiteness or brightness of a structure), fiber pattern, and surrounding inflammatory reactions is possible with this machine. As with digital radiography, these images are stored electronically and available to e-mail to referring veterinarians as needed. They are also available for review to compare with new images obtained during a recovery period to determine rate of healing and prognosis.

Radiography
Radiographs are useful in identifying damage or changes to bony tissues. They should be interpreted only by an experienced and knowledgeable veterinarian, since not all changes are cause for concern. Radiographs provide limited information about soft tissue, such as tendons, ligaments or structures inside the joints, which are often the source of lameness.

Arthroscopy
This surgical procedure allows visual examination of the inside of a joint or tendon sheath. It requires general anesthesia, but may be the only way to define the damage. Some diagnoses can only be made with arthroscopy. If deemed necessary, surgical treatment is often performed at the same time. Blood, synovial (joint) fluid and tissue samples. These samples can be examined for infection or inflammation.